What happens to quarks during spaghettification? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comedian Chuck Nice answer fan questions about positrons, how we got the speed of light, where the Big Bang took place, and more! How is the age of the universe quantifiable in Earth years? A patron asks about best practices when reaching out to physicists. Why are the origins of the universe still a mystery? Could our whole universe be inside a black hole? Could a photon from its frame of reference see galaxies beyond our horizon? What would it be like on a planet surrounded by black holes? Learn about the dispersion of matter during the Big Bang and what happened to the place where the Big Bang occurred. We discuss the power to reorganize atoms and how to determine a planet’s north and south poles using the Right-Hand Rule. What are some examples of energy becoming matter in our universe? Learn about positrons, thermonuclear fusion, and the moment energy became matter during the Big Bang. We break down how we got the speed of light and Ole Rømer’s observations of Jupiter’s moons. Thanks to our Patrons Eternal Sunshine, LLC, Arthur Brown, James Turner, Taygen Mercier, Bayley, Aaron, and Pete Sherburne for supporting us this week. NOTE: StarTalk+ Patrons can listen to this entire episode commercial-free. Check out our second channel, @StarTalkPlus Get the NEW StarTalk book, 'To Infinity and Beyond: A Journey of Cosmic Discovery' on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3PL0NFn Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/startalkradio FOLLOW or SUBSCRIBE to StarTalk: Twitter: http://twitter.com/startalkradio Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/StarTalk Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/startalk About StarTalk: Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up! #StarTalk #neildegrassetyson 00:00 - Introduction: Grab Bag 2:24 - The Age of the Universe in Earth Years 5:56 - How to Write to a Physicist 10:26 - What Happens to Spaghettified Quarks? 15:33 - Why Are The Origins of Universes & Big Bangs Still a Mystery? 17:45 - Can a Photon See Galaxies Beyond Our Horizon? 20:33 - What Is It Like on a Planet Surrounded By Black Holes? 22:27 - What Is Happening Where the Big Bang Happened? 25:50 - Reassembling Atoms 28:08 - How to Find the North Pole of Another Planet 31:34 - When Energy Becomes Matter 37:20 - How Did We Measure the Speed of Light?