Boldly Go One Step Closer To Where It All Began. Strange New Worlds S4 Streaming July 23 on Paramount+. https://www.paramountplus.com/shows/star-trek-strange-new-worlds/ T-Mobile 5G Home Internet. https://T-Mobile.com/HomeInternet How do you get entangled particles? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Chuck Nice unpack the experimental side of entanglement, superposition, and the quantum underpinnings of our universe with experimental physicist, Sean Hodgman. How do you entangle particles? Can you entangle larger things, like atoms? Sean describes his job cooling helium atoms to a millionth of a degree above absolute zero to form a Bose-Einstein condensate. Learn about momentum entanglement and why entangling atoms rather than photons matters. Could entangling atoms open the window to quantum gravity? What is superposition, really? Sean walks Chuck through quantum superpositions, Einstein’s criticisms of “spooky action at a distance,”and Bell’s Theorem. How do you actually entangle a particle, and how do you know it worked? What are the different subtypes of entanglement beyond momentum? Has studying entanglement changed how physicists understand reality? Could you ever use entanglement for faster-than-light communication? Why does the no-communication theorem say no, while quantum encryption says there's still something useful here? The episode closes on the biggest questions: is there an upper size limit to entanglement? Could spacetime itself emerge from a network of entangled particles? Would we notice if entanglement were switched off and could quantum effects be quietly underpinning DNA stability, bird navigation, and photosynthesis? Thanks to our Patrons Dominic B., Chirag Trasikar, Chase Dishman, Benjamin Rogers, Anthony Smith, Matt J, Bill Fisher, Gregory Shaw, Jesse Phelps, Shakil Chagani, Valentine, Sayrah rana, Linda Corbin, Kerry Gallagher, Emma Korein, Kate, Sara Drollinger, brad hodge, William Colt, Jill Campbell, Sai Dev Mahajan, Damien Hewlett, Ryan Christensen, Matthew Barrett, Pau Ferrer, Navindra Persaud, Felipe Marcondes, Deatric Wilson, Ashish Paka, Larry, BRUNO, Adán Rodríguez, Eneida Paulo, Todd P., Francesco Chionchio, Crouton, Anton Bursch, odamai, Brayden Malley, John Hamm, Tim Timrawi, Kuang kai Peter Tou, Adam Fry, Raylen, Pele_Glendale, Balázs Pető, Sergiu Calin, Shane King, Torstein Sundnes, Deonne, Mark Bailey, Rodrigo Gómez, Bri, Richard Riley, James Gray, adam, Kyle, Tam Lee, Liz Schwabedissen, Jim Dulian, and Jesse for supporting us this week. Timestamps: 00:00 - Introduction: Sean Hodgeman 01:39 - Creating A Bose-Einstein Condensate 8:10 - How to Entangle Atoms 10:52 - How Long Do They Stay Entangled? 14:39 - Understanding Superpositions 16:40 - Bell Inequality Theorem & Interference Patterns 19:55 - How Do You Know It’s Entangled 23:51 - Subtypes of Entanglement 27:18 - Entanglement & Reality 30:42 - Is There a Size Limit to Entanglement? 33:48 - Subspace Communication 37:24 - Is The Universe Woven Out of Entangled Particles? 42:27 - Quantum Fluctuations Effect on Entanglement 45:05 - If Particle Entanglement Stopped 47:50 - Why Does Distance Matter For Spooky Action at a Distance? 49:54 - Not Messing it Up 52:49 - Math vs. Experiments vs. Philosophy 56:40 - How Does a Particle with Mass Function as a Wave Cloud 58:33 - Leading the entanglement Check out our second channel, @StarTalkPlus Get the latest StarTalk book, 'To Infinity and Beyond: A Journey of Cosmic Discovery' on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3PL0NFn Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/startalkradio FOLLOW or SUBSCRIBE to StarTalk: Twitter: http://twitter.com/startalkradio Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/StarTalk Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/startalk About StarTalk: Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up! #StarTalk #NeildeGrasseTyson